Reflecting On The Residential School System - 1509 Words

RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL SYSTEM 3. In reflecting on the Residential School System in Canada, discuss why Elders teachings and courses in Indigenous studies are important today. Between 1875 and 1996, First Nations children were forced to attended residential schools to be systematically assimilated into an English-Christian society through abuse, segregation, and racism. Residential schools were created by the Canadian government to transition First Nations children into a newly colonized Canada, but somewhere something went wrong and the policy of teaching was corrupted into assimilation through abuse. The priority of residential schools was to kill the Indian in the child. As a result many languages and cultures were lost as children were not taught the traditions of their heritages and could not pass on this knowledge to their children. Residential schools directly contributed to the loss of the First Nations traditional cultures and created a cycle of abuse for generations to come. Dickason, Olive Patricia and Long, David. (2011). Visions of the Heart. Oxford University Press. First Nations Elders maintain traditional lifestyles and beliefs. They continue to spread the oral traditions that once were very well known. After residential schools were created a lot of knowledge was lost from the First Peoples, and the Elders have become a primary source for this knowledge perseverance. â€Å"Elders continue to accrue, especially both to their role and function and to theShow MoreRelatedDifferent Situations Where Skills By Social Workers Are Needed When Working With Groups1575 Words   |  7 Pageswhere skills by social workers are needed when working with groups. I will define the term ‘group’ and will be reflecting on my own experiences of working within groups and what I have observed in regards to individuals, behaviours and group dynamics. 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Personal Journal My Dad, My Biggest Supporter - 624 Words

If I were to choose one person in my life that had the most influence or impact on who I am today, I would say it was my dad. Ruth E. Renkel once said, â€Å"Sometimes the poorest man leaves his children the richest inheritance.† That is evident in the woman I have become from the little girl that my dad raised. With his patient teaching manner and â€Å"You can do it!† mentality, my dad is the person who has most inspired me. He was my greatest teacher, my biggest supporter, my best friend, and I would not be the person I am today if not for his loving guidance during my younger years. When I was younger, I could not wait for my dad to come home from work each day anticipating the stories that he would have to tell. He had such a way of telling a story that it would draw the listener in like a moth to a flame. I thought they were just neat stories about interesting people and situations that he had encountered in his life. 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Integrating Management of Customer Value †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Integrating Management of Customer Value. Answer: Introduction Online transactions are susceptible to many risks. The meaning of risk is the vision of any misfortune or loss that can occur in e-business. The risk may lead to loss of financial, goodwill and mental wealth of company. The following report is going to analyse about the various potential risk and fraud which has to be faced by Marky Gs during online business. It also analysing about the various possible solution to mitigate the risk and frauds of e-business (Cavusgil, et al., 2014). The second part of the report analyses about the legal and ethical issues which Marky Gs is facing in the market. And it also analyses the various possible solution to remove these issues in e-business of Marky Gs. The biggest threat faced by e-commerce companies are insecurity of financial transaction and loss of privacy of customers. Privacy has become the more serious concern for the company as well as government. According to the report by U.S major issues are faced due to credit and debit card transactions. In this, the user's information is leaked while transaction (Grant, et al., 2014). In any e-commerce company, the issues like data integrity, client and customer verification and non-revocation are problems to the achievement of any online business. Data integrity is the affirmation that information transmitted is reliable and accurate meaning that it has not been altered or adjusted at all amid transmission (Ruch Sackmann, 2012). The risk of transmission of sensitive data is also increased when customers complete the online transaction. Network issues: All networks possess own security concerns primarily due to the reason that maximum networks are reliant on further private networks which are possessed and administered by the third party and on a public-shared structure where the company has lesser control and knowledge about the applied security actions (Zhang, et al., 2012). One of the greatest worrying safety issues faced by e-business is at times when a hacker introduces a denial of service attack. This attack is considered by an explicit effort by hackers to stop users from using an e-business structure. Technical attacks: Technical attacks are the crucial challenges which e-commerce companies are facing regularly main issues in technical attacks are: Denial of service attacks: These attacks comprise of crushing a server, a network or a website in the request to paralyze its ordinary movement (Liu, Cao He, 2011). Safeguarding against DoS assaults is a standout amongst the most difficult security issues on the Internet today. A noteworthy trouble in obstructing this attack is to follow the wellspring of the assault, as they regularly utilize wrong or spoofed IP source delivers to mask the genuine starting point of the attack. Brute force attack: A brute drive attack is a technique for crushing a cryptographic plan by attempting a substantial number of potential outcomes; for instance, an immense number of the conceivable keys in a space keeping in mind the end goal to decrypt a message. Brute Force Attacks, although saw to be low-tech in nature are not an artefact of days gone by. In May 2007 the web foundation in Estonia was disabled by numerous managed animal power attacks against government and business organizations in the nation. Software development issues: Security holes are present in all new and present software systems primarily because of software bugs due to carelessness and on the other hand, not the very talented security-centred developer or programming designers. A software bug could be just a mix-up or oversight in a PC program or site coding that influences the site or program to act in a unintended way that could extend from a minor issue like incorrect rendering or designing of the data on the screen to a noteworthy issue like enabling unauthorized clients to get to vital information on the servers (Turban, et al., 2015). And moreover, network and communication rules and regulations are continuously changing creating difficulty for security advisors. On top of these, network and communication standards and protocols are in a state of continuous changes which makes keeping up-to-date with all security advisories and security patches a difficult task (Highsmith, 2013). Likewise, programmers can utilize viruses and different noxious programming to hack e-business frameworks and have the capacity to take clients' data, steal information misfortune, or make e-business frameworks out of reach. Numerous consumers use wireless Internet networks and mobile devices to access e-business structures. Wi-Fi networks and mobile devices show a security threat since external users can snoop on wireless infrastructures (Sood, 2012). Safeguarding a wireless network with the help of password lock creates more difficulty for external users to associate to a network and use sensitive information, still a wireless connection is not secured as a wired network most vulnerable threat is information leakage of users through the implications done by a hacker camouflaged in the mobile system. The hacker issues various queries in the database server with the objective of inferring parts of customers buying pattern and history (Dinh, et al., 2013). Ways to protect Marky Gs from potential threat and frauds Selecting and adopting a protected e-commerce platform is the first stage in safeguarding the website of the company from cyber-attacks. E-commerce stage is the main base for companies online store. The Marky Gs should consider the use of refined object-oriented programming or language enhancing the internal network and management panel. This creates hackers inaccessibility of using company data and information. The integration to third-party safety provisions and updating latest version secures company website from hackers (Galliers Leidner, 2014). The hosting provider impacts on the safety and security of business to a big extent. So the Marky Gs should not go for a host which is not precisely providing to all the requirements of the business website because the website is generally used for commercial purpose only. To guarantee the safety of e-business, Marky Gs should ensure dedicated host provider for business use. The main features web hosting company should offer are an immediate recovery in case of disaster, 24 hours assistance, and observation of project, AES encryption and much more to create a safety shield around business from cyber-attacks (Niranjanamurthy, et al., 2013). The Marky Gs should use HTTPS encryption instead of HTTP encryption. And it should get a strong SSL authentication in order to create more safety of e-business. The SSL not only protects data and sensitive information but also verifies the characteristics of the business. By using this online buyer can rely on company website about the entered information. The company should go for EV SSL certification which provides a positive signal for website safety against hackers. EV SSL has done this through by adding a green HTTPs prefix and symbol on the web page. There would be no risk of digital attack if the Marky Gs doesn't have any delicate data put away on your web-based business web page. Keeping in mind and evaluating if abstaining users financial information can save the clients data, at that point do as such. As indicated by the PCI Security Council, it is never a smart thought to store any kind of delicate data like MasterCard or check card subtle elements on own server (Gloor, 2012). It is prescribed to store an insignificant measure of information that would be sufficient for discounts or charge-backs on your online business website to shield it from digital assaults. And if the company website doesnt have anything to offer, the digital hackers could never care to loot a company. For a web-based business companies like Marky Gs supporting payments through cards or online exchanges, it is imperative to conform to every one of the controls given out by the PCI Security Standards Council to keep any kind of digital attack. The Marky Gs in advance should perform out all the security checks that are being asked by the Payment Card Industry to become a member of PCI compliant. Not adhering to the directions may leave the sensitive record and card data of online clients vulnerable to the attacks by digital offenders and programmers. Additionally, it may occur need to pay immense fines for not complying with the same (Ferrer, et al., 2012). The PCI hazard evaluations ought to be performed timely according to a number of exchanges occurring on online business web page every year. The Marky Gs should develop a powerful security barrier which cannot be broken by the virtual attackers. This wall should be made strong and concrete in order to protect the security of e-commerce website. The first layer which should be used is the firewall. And in order to add the extra layer, the company can put various applications, contact information details, login checkboxes, CVV2 box and much more. This all additional layer protects the e-business from various application attacks like cross-site scripting and SQL injections. Ethical issues faced by Marky Gs E-business like Marky Gs infers information about how users use a website through log files. The analysing a log file means the decoding of log data into the presentation or applying software which pools the significant information from different files in-house. The Marky Gs can track individual deviation from hacking software and cookie analysis. Moreover, programmes like cookies create a batch of privacy concern (Camarinha-Matos, Afsarmanesh Rabelo, 2013). The tracking history is saved by computer and any time a customer re-visits the page the information is retrieved. It is leaking personal information of customers to public creating ethical issues for the company. The online piracy can be defined as unauthorized copyright of electronically protected property, for example, eBooks, music or recordings. This untrustworthy action happens when the Internet clients utilize the product and equipment known in an illegal way to exchange the electronic licensed property over the Internet. For instance, some online applications like www.napster.com have empowered huge scale misuse of music tests and sound arrangements. According to Salman, Saad Ali, (2013) programming that is accessible for nothing of cost on the Internet permits the exchange of music and recordings without the approval of rights holders. Additionally, CD copiers and convenient MP3 players permit copyright infringement to happen rather effectively. Cyber-squatting is an action in which a man or company can enrol, buy and uses the current space name, having a place with the famous association, with the end goal of infringing its trademarks. This sort of individual or firm, called digital squatters more often steals the trademarks to coerce the payment from original trademark's proprietor. The coercion of payment happens when they offer the costs which are far more remarkable than what they have paid to buy the companys space name. Certain digital squatters set up deprecatory comments about the individual or organization which the domain is intended to speak to, with an end goal to urge the business to re-purchase their domain from them. E-mail spamming: It is also known as UCE (unsolicited commercial e-mail) which uses e-mails to direct or transmit unwanted promotion and correspondence on the internet. The person who spams their email is typically called spammer. Numerous spammers communicate their email with the end goal of attempting to get individuals' money related data, for instance, Visa or record bank numbers so as to swindle them. The case of extortion utilizing email is spammers will trap customers to enter their own data on counterfeit site utilizing email, produced to seem as though it is from the approved association, for example, bank. The substance of email frequently guides the purchasers to the fake site so as to trap them to fill their own data, for example, credit card or financial balance's details. This procedure is called phishing. Legal issues faced by Marky Gs E-commerce scam exploded out with the quick surge in the reputation of websites. The cheats are active mostly in the part of stocks. The minor depositors are attracted by the assurance of incorrect incomes by the stock agents. Auctions are also prone to fraud equally by suppliers and consumers. The accessibility of electronic mail and pop up commercials has cemented the path for monetary offenders to have the entrance of all people. Other zones of the potential scam include spectre business chances and false reserves. Copyright: The copyright laws ensure Intellectual property in its different structures, and can't be utilized unreservedly. It is exceptionally hard to secure Intellectual property in E-commerce. For instance, in the event, that of purchase programming company has the privilege to utilize it and not the privilege to appropriate it. The circulation rights are with the copyright holder (Iqbal, Khan Naseer, 2013). And moreover duplicating substance from the website disregards copyright laws. The rivalry over domain names is another legitimate issue. Web addresses are known as space names and they show up in levels. The finest level name is qburst.com or microsoft.com. Another level name will be qburst.com/blog. Top level space names are allotted by a focal non-benefit association which generally checks for clashes or believable infringement of trademarks. Issues emerge when a few organizations having comparative names contending over a similar domain name (Fleenor Raven, 2011). The issue of domain names was lightened to some degree in 2001 after a few upper-level names were added to com. Poor service: Online dealers can dispatch harmed or fake merchandise to clients, or neglect to deliver any products whatsoever. They may decline returns or may fail to offer credit to the client who in accordance with good faith restores the goods (Malhotra, 2014). They may neglect to ensure products in shipment and decline to assume any liability when the merchandise is harmed. Insensitivity is another regular concern in the online business world. Websites offer client helpline yet never answer it or distract the client to the wrong number. The skill to mount and bring down sites inside minutes enables unscrupulous individuals to acknowledge requests, cash and then disappearing, just to pop up later with similar merchandise under an alternate business name and site. Solving ethical issues The best way to solve the piracy issue in Marky Gs is to include considerably more obstacles, anybody submitting content for copyright security should likewise pay a charge. Be that as it may, enough to influence the supplier to consider it. Along these lines, if Marky Gs is not dismissive about securing their substance they'll pay for the insurance (Blanger Crossler, 2011). Whatever expenses are gathered will go towards not just subsidizing this archive but also towards enforcement. In the case that Marky Gs enlisted somebody to outline website, the domain name could likely be enrolled under that individual's name. Ensure it is enrolled for the sake of senior administration or the organization itself. Have no less than two names on the enrollment with the goal that when there are changes the two gatherings are told. Additionally, don't give Marky Gs domain a chance to lapse directly in front of company. Domain enlistment centers are revenue driven organizations; they are essentially recorded, attendants. In this way, when a domain name terminates from an employee they will keep it for themselves in the event that they believe that it is significant. Then Marky G might be compelled to purchase back in companys name (Guo, 2015). To resolve web tracking issues in Marky G, the company should use various tools to avoid the tracking of data and information from the company website. The tools which are prevalent in the market for stopping web tracking are Add-ons that block trackers, privacy badgers, Adblock plus and much more. These all tools are brilliant in safeguarding the information of company website to be attacked by the hackers (Baporikar, 2014). E-mail spamming: An approach to secure email protection is to utilize Thunderbird with Enigmail; Mac Mail with GPGTools; Outlook with GPG4Win. These tools enable Marky Gs to scramble a present email address and offer a suite of security upgrades to guarantee that information is being ensured. There are various email suppliers that have a model for giving choice security to free or for an ostensible expense. The accompanying apparatuses give a safe VPN to all web perusing, a USB-key essential email passage, and free email assurance for Marky G email address (Zaidan, et al., 2011). Solving legal issues Fraud on the internet: Utilize an address and card confirmation framework. "Empower an address confirmation framework (AVS) and require the card verification value (CVV) for MasterCard exchanges to decrease fake charges. Moreover, the requirement of solid passwords can resolve the issue (Mahdi Rezaul, 2012). While it is the obligation of the retailer to guard client data toward the back, Marky Gs can enable clients to help themselves by requiring a base number of characters and the utilization of images or numbers. Copyright: This issue can be resolved by filling the copyright in the government department. If the company owns proper copyright or intellectual property rights then it can stop other counterfeit companies. This can be implemented by Marky Gs registering the copyright and trademark as soon as it creates with proper government authority and without delaying it. An issue mainly happens in case Marky Gs does not register it on time, so this issue can be solved by timely and actively registering the copyright with the appropriate authority (Purohit, Jaiswal Pandey, 2012). Domain names: Marky Gs should make sure that domain is using correct servers name. And if Marky Gs has currently switched to other domain then it should point towards correct name servers where the company website is hosted. The company should give time to DNS servers to propagate the changes as they take 1-2 days in implementing changes. Poor service: The cost of operation and delays should be reduced with proper returns administration with unbroken communication stage with logistic associates and sellers by Marky Gs. With appropriate ticketing arrangements and simple to utilize interfaces by Marky Gs, workers can take into account each client ticket produced at any channel. The productivity rises with prioritization measures assigning out the level of significance to each ticket, ensuring high need tickets are taken care of on priority. Conclusion The above report analysed about the various risk that e-business is exposed to while doing business in online. The common fraud risk which can be faced by Marky Gs are brute force attack, security awareness, network issues and many more. The report also analysed about the various possible solution to mitigate these issues like getting SSL certification, becoming a PCI client and many more. The other part of report defined the legal and ethical issues which are to be faced by Marky Gs while dealing online. The issues like web tracking, piracy, poor service, domain issues and many more are too obvious to be faced. And the solutions to these issues are solving every problem accordingly. References Baporikar, N., 2014. eBusiness: Critical Success Factors.International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications (IJSITA),5(4), pp.9-19. Blanger, F. and Crossler, R.E., 2011. Privacy in the digital age: a review of information privacy research in information systems.MIS quarterly,35(4), pp.1017-1042. Camarinha-Matos, L.M., Afsarmanesh, H. and Rabelo, R. eds., 2013.E-business and Virtual Enterprises: managing business-to-business cooperation(Vol. 56). Springer. Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J.R., Rammal, H.G. and Rose, E.L., 2014.International business. Pearson Australia. Dinh, H.T., Lee, C., Niyato, D. and Wang, P., 2013. A survey of mobile cloud computing: architecture, applications, and approaches.Wireless communications and mobile computing,13(18), pp.1587-1611. Ferrer, A.J., HernNdez, F., Tordsson, J., Elmroth, E., Ali-Eldin, A., Zsigri, C., Sirvent, R., Guitart, J., Badia, R.M., Djemame, K. and Ziegler, W., 2012. OPTIMIS: A holistic approach to cloud service provisioning.Future Generation Computer Systems,28(1), pp.66-77. Fleenor, C.P. and Raven, P., 2011. Barriers to effective e-business in developing countries.International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER),1(4). Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E. eds., 2014. Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge publication. Gloor, P., 2012.Making the e-business Transformation. Springer Science Business Media. Grant, K., Edgar, D., Sukumar, A. and Meyer, M., 2014. Risky business: Perceptions of e-business risk by UK small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs).International Journal of Information Management,34(2), pp.99-122. Guo, Y., 2015. How Would the Domain Name DisputeIkea Cybersquatting Case Be Decided Under American Law?. InResearch on Selected China's Legal Issues of E-Business(pp. 155-164). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Highsmith, J., 2013.Adaptive software development: a collaborative approach to managing complex systems. Addison-Wesley. Iqbal, M., Khan, A.A. and Naseer, O., 2013. A legal perspective of E-business and E-marketing for small and medium enterprises.arXiv preprint arXiv:1303.2675. Liu, B., Cao, S.G. and He, W., 2011. Distributed data mining for e-business.Information Technology and Management,12(2), pp.67-79. Mahdi, M.D.H. and Rezaul, K.M., 2012. Detecting Credit Fraud in E-Business System: An Information Security Perspective.Strategic and Practical Approaches for Information Security Governance: Technologies and Applied Solutions: Technologies and Applied Solutions, p.346. Malhotra, B., 2014. E-Business: Issues Challenges in Indian Perspective.Global Journal of Business Management and Information Technology,4(1), pp.11-16. Niranjanamurthy, M., Kavyashree, N., Jagannath, S. and Chahar, D., 2013. Analysis of e-commerce and m-commerce: advantages, limitations and security issues.International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering,2(6). Purohit, G.N., Jaiswal, M. and Pandey, M., 2012. Challenges involved in implementation of ERP on demand solution: Cloud computing.International Journal of Computer Science Issues,9(4), pp.481-489. Ruch, M. and Sackmann, S., 2012. Integrating management of customer value and risk in e-commerce.Information Systems and e-Business Management,10(1), pp.101-116. Salman, A., Saad, S. and Ali, M.N.S., 2013. Dealing with Ethical Issues among Internet Users: Do We Need Legal Enforcement?.Asian Social Science,9(8), p.3. Sood, S.K., 2012. A combined approach to ensure data security in cloud computing.Journal of Network and Computer Applications,35(6), pp.1831-1838. Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J.K., Liang, T.P. and Turban, D.C., 2015.Electronic commerce: A managerial and social networks perspective. Springer publication. Zaidan, A.A., Ahmed, N.N., Karim, H.A., Alam, G.M. and Zaidan, B.B., 2011. Spam influence on business and economy: Theoretical and experimental studies for textual anti-spam filtering using mature document processing and naive Bayesian classifier.African Journal of Business Management,5(2), p.596. Zhang, Y., Deng, X., Wei, D. and Deng, Y., 2012. Assessment of E-Commerce security using AHP and evidential reasoning.Expert Systems with Applications,39(3), pp.3611-3623.

Multiple Burden Essay Example

Multiple Burden Essay Apart from the social stigma, perhaps the most difficult aspect of being a single mother is the stress of carrying the host of domestic and work-related responsibilities as well as sorting out relationship issues with the father/s of their children. These women often have to mind household chores and at the same time come up with the money to pay the rent and take care of the bills. Some of them also face difficulties from irresponsible ex-partners, as revealed by Melody’s account from the yahoogroup AfAmersinglemoms or African American single moms: â€Å"It’s hard doing it by myself, but you know what the good Lord doesnt give us more than we can handle. Right now I am working independently from home in the area of entertainment, so that keeps me going. I love my kids to death, and it pisses me off that there dad only wants interaction with them when it is convenient for him. Like you alot of people are after him for money, but somehow they havent caught up with him. You know every other state takes child support seriously, the men get behind they get lock up. But here in Illinois its like they protect them and that is a bunch of crap. We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Burden specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Burden specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Burden specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I am looking to connect with other african american moms and talk about our trials and tribulations. Also to get to know one another and form possible friendships. It wouldnt hurt to get together and have a girls night ocassionally. † (http://groups. yahoo. com/group/AfAmersinglemoms/message/7) African American single mothers thus faced tremendous pressure from solely shouldering child raising responsibilities, accomplishing duties at home, solving problematic relationships, and having to juggle work at the same time, as shown by Melody’s experience. Other women, however, could be considered not to be as lucky in terms of opportunities; these women often do not have enough resources and access to send their children to school or put food on the table. Nevertheless, the strength and resilience of African American women can be surprising. In the face of such problems as dual discrimination and the multiple burdens that come with single motherhood, some of them do not feel regret over their decisions and in a way even feel justified and empowered in it: â€Å"I am the same way I dont harbor bad feelings or ill will but it just upsets me when our brothas dont take care of there responsibilities. I find it to be sad, but nevertheless I have to keep it moving and continue to be both mother and father. You are so right about Karma, what comes around goes around. Yes, there are alot of us out there struggling to do for our children on are own. † ( http://groups. yahoo. com/group/AfAmersinglemoms/message/20) Alternative Action While there is a tendency for many African American women to feel a sense of empowerment from proving to society that they are able to support their children, Davis (1998) notes that an increasing number of African American women are experiencing depression. (Davis 494) Fortunately, most of these women often receive strong social support networks from their families, especially other women, and from the African American community, which gives them a sense of connectedness and value. The growth of the internet has also given these women the chance to build virtual communities with which they can meet and interact with women whose situation and issues are in some way similar to their own. It cannot be denied, however, that something has to be done to alleviate the already difficult situation of African American single mothers—and the situation of mothers of different racial identity—since racial and gender-based inequalities often hinder them from actively participating in their own development and holistic growth. The National Organization for Women (NOW), for instance, challenges women to get involved in the commitment to â€Å"continue to fight for equal opportunities for women of color in all areas including employment, education and reproductive rights. † (http://www. now.org) In seeing the realities of African American women, I find that many of their issues resound with my own, that indeed, I am as much a victim of dual discrimination as they are. Although many of our experiences and encounters with the forms of oppression may be different due to the fact that we come from diverse cultures, our realities as women struggling to gain control over our bodies, our thoughts, and our destinies are what binds us, and I think that nobody else will work towards our freedom from racial and gender discrimination except for women themselves. Works Cited: Boyd, Julia A. In the company of my sisters. New York: Dutton, 1993. Davis, Ruth E. â€Å"Discovering Creative Essences in African American Women: The Construction of Meaning around Inner Resources. † Women’s Studies International Forum, 21, 5: 1998 Dickerson, Bette J. African American Single Mothers: Understanding Their Lives Families. Sage Publications, 1995. Reid, Lori L. â€Å"Occupational Segregation, Human Capital, and Motherhood: Black Women’s Higher Exit Rates from Full-time Employment. † Gender Society, 16: 2002. Roberts, Dorothy. â€Å"Race, Gender, and the Value of Mother’s Work. † Social Politics: 1995. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/AfAmersinglemoms/conversations/topics/20.

Free Essays on Counseling

Counseling is an interactive process characterized by a unique relationship between counselor and client that leads to change in one or more areas (Trickett, Sept. 9, 2003). Multicultural counseling requires the recognition of: (1) the importance of racial/ethnic group membership on the socialization of the client; (2) the importance of and the uniqueness of the individual; (3) the presence of and place of values in the counseling process; and (4) the uniqueness of learning styles, vocational goals, and life purposes of clients, within the context of principles of democratic social justice (Locke, 1986). As the theoretical and professional foundations of multicultural counseling have progressed, a natural evolution has been the development of ethical standards to help regulate the practice of multicultural counseling. Ibrahim and Arredondo (1986) authored a proposal to develop specific ethical standards regarding multicultural counseling in the areas of education, research, assessment, and practice. LaFromboise and Foster (1989) also discussed this by bringing attention to other issues related to ethics in multicultural counseling that involved participants in research and right to treatment. Which in respond to this the 1995 revision of the ethical standards, the American Counseling Association (ACA) included specific excerpts requiring counselors to respect diversity, avoid discrimination, and demonstrate cultural sensitivity when engaging in direct client services, research, education, testing, computer applications, public communications, and relationships with employers and employees (ACA, 1995). Within the section on professional competence, it requires them to show a commitment to gain knowledge, awareness, and skills related to serving all different types of clients. Researchers have stated the need to prepare professionals to become more skillful in dealing with ethical dilemmas, particularly those involving multicult... Free Essays on Counseling Free Essays on Counseling The historical perspective of counseling is covered in depth in chapter one. The evolution of the counseling profession was developed in answer to the direct need brought about by the industrial and urbanization of America (Aubrey, 1982; Herr, 1985). The introduction of counseling first emerged as vocational guidance. Frank Parsons is actually credited by many as the â€Å"father of guidance counseling.† Vocational guidance gave way in the early 1900’s, or rather set the stage for school counseling. From 1917 to the late sixties, important legislative actions took place, which has had a strong influence on the counseling profession of today. Though legislative actions continue today, early legislation served to shape the initial idea and practice of counseling. The evolution of counseling finally segued into ‘professionalization.’ The counseling professions meet the criteria commonly used to review whether an occupation meets professional status. Ac creditation, multiple types of certification and licensure are all key components in professional counseling. According to Egan, 1998, the helping relationship can be broken down into three phases – relationship building, challenging the client and facilitating positive client actions. There seems to be many different ‘approaches’ to counseling, but I feel Egan’s approach is focused, simplistic and effective. All approaches aside, ultimately there is much the future counselor must reflect upon prior to making the decision to become a counselor. From Roger’s (1958) coining the phrase, â€Å"self-actualized† to Roger’s (1958) identification of the â€Å"four conditions† that all counselors should possess, there is a plethora of characteristics, which the new counselor should be aware. While understanding the necessary characteristics of a counselor, the new counselor must also be keenly aware of the ethical and legal factors surrounding the counselor’s behavio... Free Essays on Counseling Counseling is an interactive process characterized by a unique relationship between counselor and client that leads to change in one or more areas (Trickett, Sept. 9, 2003). Multicultural counseling requires the recognition of: (1) the importance of racial/ethnic group membership on the socialization of the client; (2) the importance of and the uniqueness of the individual; (3) the presence of and place of values in the counseling process; and (4) the uniqueness of learning styles, vocational goals, and life purposes of clients, within the context of principles of democratic social justice (Locke, 1986). As the theoretical and professional foundations of multicultural counseling have progressed, a natural evolution has been the development of ethical standards to help regulate the practice of multicultural counseling. Ibrahim and Arredondo (1986) authored a proposal to develop specific ethical standards regarding multicultural counseling in the areas of education, research, assessment, and practice. LaFromboise and Foster (1989) also discussed this by bringing attention to other issues related to ethics in multicultural counseling that involved participants in research and right to treatment. Which in respond to this the 1995 revision of the ethical standards, the American Counseling Association (ACA) included specific excerpts requiring counselors to respect diversity, avoid discrimination, and demonstrate cultural sensitivity when engaging in direct client services, research, education, testing, computer applications, public communications, and relationships with employers and employees (ACA, 1995). Within the section on professional competence, it requires them to show a commitment to gain knowledge, awareness, and skills related to serving all different types of clients. Researchers have stated the need to prepare professionals to become more skillful in dealing with ethical dilemmas, particularly those involving multicult...

Baby Boom History

Baby Boom History The dramatic increase in the number of births from 1946 to 1964 in the United States (1947 to 1966 in Canada and 1946 to 1961 in Australia) is called the Baby Boom. It was caused by young males who, upon returning to the United States, Canada, and Australia following tours of duty overseas during World War II, began families; this brought about a significant number of new children into the world. The Beginning of the Baby Boom In the 1930s to early 1940s, new births in the United States averaged around 2.3 to 2.8 million each year. In 1946, the first year of the Baby Boom, new births in the U.S. skyrocketed to 3.47 million births! New births continued to grow throughout the 1940s and 1950s, leading to a peak in the late 1950s with 4.3 million births in 1957 and 1961. (There was a dip to 4.2 million births in 1958) By the mid-sixties, the birth rate began to slowly fall. In 1964 (the final year of the Baby Boom), 4 million babies were born in the U.S. and in 1965, there was a significant drop to 3.76 million births. From 1965 on, there was a plunge in the number of births to a low of 3.14 million births in 1973, lower than any year’s births since 1945. Life of a Baby Boomer In the United States, approximately 79 million babies were born during the Baby Boom. Much of this cohort of nineteen years (1946-1964) grew up with Woodstock, the Vietnam War, and John F. Kennedy as president. In 2006, the oldest Baby Boomers turned 60 years old, including the first two Baby Boomer presidents, Presidents William J. Clinton and George W. Bush, both born in the first year of the Baby Boom, 1946. Dropping Birth Rate After 1964 From 1973 on, Generation X was nowhere near as populous as their parents. The total births rose to 3.6 million in 1980 and then 4.16 million in 1990. For 1990 on, the number of births has remained somewhat constant – from 2000 to now, the birth rate has hovered at 4 million annually. It’s amazing that 1957 and 1961 are the peak birth years in raw number of births for the nation even though the total national population was 60% of the current population. Obviously, the birth rate among Americans has dropped precipitously. The birth rate per 1000 population in 1957 was 25.3. In 1973, it was 14.8. The birth rate per 1000 rose to 16.7 in 1990 but today has dropped to 14. Affect on Economy The dramatic increase in births during the Baby Boom helped to lead to exponential rises in the demand for consumer products, suburban homes, automobiles, roads, and services. Demographer P.K. Whelpton forecast this demand, as quoted in the August 9, 1948 edition of Newsweek. When the number of persons is rising rapidly it is necessary to prepare for the increase. Houses and apartments must be built; streets must be paved; power, light, water, and sewer systems must be extended; existing factories, stores and other business structures must be enlarged or new ones erected; and much machinery must be manufactured. And that’s exactly what happened. The metropolitan areas of the United States exploded in growth and led to huge suburban developments, such as Levittown. The table below displays the total number of births for each year indicated from 1930 through 2007 in the United States. Notice the increase in births during the Baby Boom from 1946 to 1964. The source for this data are numerous editions of the Statistical Abstract of the United States. U.S. Births 1930-2007 Year Births 1930 2.2 million 1933 2.31 million 1935 2.15 million 1940 2.36 million 1941 2.5 million 1942 2.8 million 1943 2.9 million 1944 2.8 million 1945 2.8 million 1946 3.47 million 1947 3.9 million 1948 3.5 million 1949 3.56 million 1950 3.6 million 1951 3.75 million 1952 3.85 million 1953 3.9 million 1954 4 million 1955 4.1 million 1956 4.16 million 1957 4.3 million 1958 4.2 million 1959 4.25 million 1960 4.26 million 1961 4.3 million 1962 4.17 million 1963 4.1 million 1964 4 million 1965 3.76 million 1966 3.6 million 1967 3.5 million 1973 3.14 million 1980 3.6 million 1985 3.76 million 1990 4.16 million 1995 3.9 million 2000 4 million 2004 4.1 million 2007 4.317 million The table below displays the total number of births for each year indicated from 1930 through 2007 in the United States. Notice the increase in births during the Baby Boom from 1946 to 1964. The source for this data are numerous editions of the Statistical Abstract of the United States. U.S. Births 1930-2007 Year Births 1930 2.2 million 1933 2.31 million 1935 2.15 million 1940 2.36 million 1941 2.5 million 1942 2.8 million 1943 2.9 million 1944 2.8 million 1945 2.8 million 1946 3.47 million 1947 3.9 million 1948 3.5 million 1949 3.56 million 1950 3.6 million 1951 3.75 million 1952 3.85 million 1953 3.9 million 1954 4 million 1955 4.1 million 1956 4.16 million 1957 4.3 million 1958 4.2 million 1959 4.25 million 1960 4.26 million 1961 4.3 million 1962 4.17 million 1963 4.1 million 1964 4 million 1965 3.76 million 1966 3.6 million 1967 3.5 million 1973 3.14 million 1980 3.6 million 1985 3.76 million 1990 4.16 million 1995 3.9 million 2000 4 million 2004 4.1 million 2007 4.317 million

The Management of The Hotel Olympia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Management of The Hotel Olympia - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the management in the hotel will improve on the existing accounting systems as well as be coming up with a work breakdown structure (WBS) in order to define the employees discrete work elements in such a way that it will help organize as well as define the total work scope of the project. The management as part of the project will also apply the top-down strategic planning to ensure that the hotel can compete effectively in the global market. The hotels back office accounting systems had been computerized years ago for the effective functioning of the business and this needs a number of improvements. The front desk functions like the reservations check in and check outs are a mixture of word processor template to produce bills as well as spreadsheets for room bookings and they are usually printed manually every day. The management, therefore, feels important to integrate more systems to avoid manual work and increase efficiency. When ord ering food from the restaurant and drinks from the bar and restaurant, it becomes quite unreliable. With advanced knowledge of bookings would try to ease ordering and booking and with a computerized ordering system which would allow stocks of food to be minimized would reduce food wastage and allow for considerable savings. The Olympia games will be held in the region in three months time and we should take advantage of this great opportunity to expand the ordering and bookings systems since most of the customers would like to book for our services online. The hotel will triple its residency for the period of the games and for several months afterward. Extensive marketing will also be done and the following include the marketing strategies the management will apply.

Moral Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Moral - Essay Example In addition, the public and the school are also involved because they do not support abortion. Jane has a moral stake of admitting that she has been eavesdropping on the conversation of her best friend, and act that is ethically wrong. She should be a loyal friend to Sue, who does not invade her privacy without her knowledge. In addition, Jane has a moral stake of revealing that Sue and her younger brother have been sexually active and that Sue is considering an abortion. The school has a moral stake because it needs to maintain high levels of morality and a remarkable reputation. Without a doubt, the moral stakes of Jane and Sue are conflicting. If Jane decides to admit that she has been eavesdropping on Sue, their friendship will be compromised due to the invasion of privacy. In addition, if Jane decides to tell the truth about Sue’s plan of carrying out an abortion, she will also be putting the interests of her brother at risk. On the other hand, Sue’s moral stake in volves telling the truth that she has been sexually active and taking responsibility of her actions by keeping the baby. Sue also needs to identify the real father of her unborn child. It is Sue’s right to expect her phone call conversations to be entirely private (Fink, 2008). Assuming you are a deontologist like W.D. Ross, how would you weigh the different moral stakes, interests, or duties against each other? That is, are some moral stakes â€Å"weightier† than others? Are some moral considerations or interests or stakes more important than others? Can you rank them? From the case study, it is evident that Sue’s right to privacy is not as important as a violation of a moral law and taking one’s life through an abortion. In addition, Sue’s right to privacy appears to be less important than her indulgence in irresponsible sexual activity and secretly considering an abortion. In the case of Jane, invasion of privacy appears to be a less important issue than exposing the truth,

Indian Ocean Region Essay Example for Free

Indian Ocean Region Essay Change and Continuity of Commerce in the Indian Ocean Region from 650 CE to 1750 CE. The Indian Ocean has always been a powerful trading region, between East Africa and China, that has caused religion, crops, languages, and people to spread. Through the rise and fall of powerful land and sea empires, trade routes shifted and control switched hands numerous times over history. The goods have remained fairly constant, compared to the traders and the powers behind them that changed from 650 C.E. to 1750 C.E. Spices, textiles, manufactured goods, and raw goods were staples on the many of the routes that led from the coast of Zimbabwe all the way to the ports of China. Early traders from Polynesia even traveled to Madagascar. With the rise of Islam and of the Mongol Empire, overseas trade slowed slightly because of the importance of the Silk Road as the main connection between China and Europe. However, as the Mongols declined, the Indian Ocean trade became more important to the empires o r kingdoms of China and the regional powers of India. The Chinese Ming Dynasty engaged heavily in foreign trade and they displayed their wealth with giant treasure ships and junks that sailed the day from China through the port of Malacca to the east coast of India. The ships carried silk and porcelain, goods that were in high demand in Europe and Arabia. The ships also picked up spices and hardwoods from Southeast Asian islands. In India, the majority of these goods were sent on dhows to the Arabian Peninsula, stopping at major important ports like Aden, and then continuing on to East Africa and the Swahili Coast states of Mogadishu, Kilwa, and Sofala. The ships sailed according to the monsoons, they then returned loaded with gold and ivory from Africa, to China where the cycle would restart. Eventually states like Gujurat and Calicut grew in importance in manufacturing and the textile production of cotton. The powers around the Indian Ocean remained in control, until the arrival of Europeans in the 16th century. While Silk Road trade with Europe was thriving, Europeans wanted to cut out the Arab middlemen and get direct access to Asian goods. As the tools of navigation developed and new nation-states sought after trade and exploration, Portugal led the continent in the race to Asia. When Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498 by sailing around the tip of Africa, he was greeted with a mocking laughter of people he needed to trade with and was turned down most of the goods he had to trade. The powerful merchants of Gujarat and neighboring states were used to the highest quality goods so they did not want to trade with Gama’s poor quality goods. However, before long, Portugal took over almost all trade in the Indian Ocean, establishing ports like Goa in India and controlling strategic areas with their imperialistic manner. Around the same time, Britain also began its expansion and joined with joint-stock companies like the Dutch East India Company. They proceeded to dominate the region as well, taking land they thought suited their purposes. The sea empires and the cut off of foreign trade by the Ming dynasty did not greatly change the products traded, but did affect the overall trade system. Goods were now produced for the success of mercantilist people in European countries, not for the enrichment of local powers. While the trade routes and the goods that passed through them may not have been greatly changed, the impact of the European trading empires and the decline of nations like India and China changed who benefited from Indian Ocean trade and who were mostly involved.

The Magic Of Chaos By Peter Carroll :: essays research papers

The Magic of Chaos Crowley certainly helped put the boot in against monotheism but the process was already well advanced. Science, which had basically evolved out of renaissance magic, had more or less finished monotheism as a serious parasite on advanced cultures. Crowley was enthusiastic about science and appropriately so for his era, but in the work of Austin Spare we begin to detect a certain foreboding. However it is Spare's work that appears more austere and scientific when compared to some of Crowley's more baroque symbolic extravagances. Spare rejected the classical symbologies of forgotten ages and sought the magic of his own personal arcana. Using the minimum of hypotheses he evolved a magic from his own racial memories and subconscious. Independently of complex systems he developed effective techniques of enchantment and divination requiring only ordinary language and pictures. Spare's work forms the bridge between an older style of magic brought to fruition by Crowley (which derived most of its appeal, power and liberating potential from its religious style of anti-religion) and the new magic. The new approach is characterised by a kind of scientific anti-science. This is increasingly becoming known as Chaos Magic. It would be no more useful to dub Chaos Magic as pseudo-science than it would be to dub Crowley's ideas as pseudo-religion. It is astrology as it is normally practised that is mere pseudo-science much as satanism and freemasonry are pseudo-religion. Chaos Magic attempts to show that not only does magic fit comfortably within the interstices of science but that the higher reaches of scientific theory and empiricism actually demand that magic exists. This is somewhat analogous to the way in which many religious theories implied the possibility of theurgic or demonic magic. The best magic has always had a strong antinomian flavour. The most remarkable magicians have invariably fought against prevailing cultural norms and obsessions. Their victories represent not only a personal liberation but also an advance for humanity. History bequeaths us no records of the renegade shamanist magicians who must have brought about the advent of paganism, but we know a little of the anti-pagan magicians who created monotheism: Akhenaton, Moshe, Gautam, and so on. As monotheism became a steadily more repressive and obscene force, a new generation of magicians arose and fought it. Some fought too openly and were destroyed; others were more subtle and planted effective seeds of destruction on a purely philosophical level, and others hastened its destruction by taking theological and theurgical ideas to outrageous conclusions. The roll of honour is here much larger, including such notables as Gordiano Bruno, Cornelius Agrippa, John Dee, Cagliostro, Eliphas Levi, and recently, The Magic Of Chaos By Peter Carroll :: essays research papers The Magic of Chaos Crowley certainly helped put the boot in against monotheism but the process was already well advanced. Science, which had basically evolved out of renaissance magic, had more or less finished monotheism as a serious parasite on advanced cultures. Crowley was enthusiastic about science and appropriately so for his era, but in the work of Austin Spare we begin to detect a certain foreboding. However it is Spare's work that appears more austere and scientific when compared to some of Crowley's more baroque symbolic extravagances. Spare rejected the classical symbologies of forgotten ages and sought the magic of his own personal arcana. Using the minimum of hypotheses he evolved a magic from his own racial memories and subconscious. Independently of complex systems he developed effective techniques of enchantment and divination requiring only ordinary language and pictures. Spare's work forms the bridge between an older style of magic brought to fruition by Crowley (which derived most of its appeal, power and liberating potential from its religious style of anti-religion) and the new magic. The new approach is characterised by a kind of scientific anti-science. This is increasingly becoming known as Chaos Magic. It would be no more useful to dub Chaos Magic as pseudo-science than it would be to dub Crowley's ideas as pseudo-religion. It is astrology as it is normally practised that is mere pseudo-science much as satanism and freemasonry are pseudo-religion. Chaos Magic attempts to show that not only does magic fit comfortably within the interstices of science but that the higher reaches of scientific theory and empiricism actually demand that magic exists. This is somewhat analogous to the way in which many religious theories implied the possibility of theurgic or demonic magic. The best magic has always had a strong antinomian flavour. The most remarkable magicians have invariably fought against prevailing cultural norms and obsessions. Their victories represent not only a personal liberation but also an advance for humanity. History bequeaths us no records of the renegade shamanist magicians who must have brought about the advent of paganism, but we know a little of the anti-pagan magicians who created monotheism: Akhenaton, Moshe, Gautam, and so on. As monotheism became a steadily more repressive and obscene force, a new generation of magicians arose and fought it. Some fought too openly and were destroyed; others were more subtle and planted effective seeds of destruction on a purely philosophical level, and others hastened its destruction by taking theological and theurgical ideas to outrageous conclusions. The roll of honour is here much larger, including such notables as Gordiano Bruno, Cornelius Agrippa, John Dee, Cagliostro, Eliphas Levi, and recently,

Literary Review: Philippine Fashion Essay

Introduction: For this research paper, I decided to dig deeper into my Filipino heritage. The history of the Philippines has been an up and down roller coaster. From being colonized by the Spanish for 300 years in 1565, to being captured by the British in 1762, to being in Japanese hands, to being under the power of the United States, the Philippines eventually established their independence on July 4, 1946. Considering the Philippines is somewhat â€Å"new†, their government system hasn’t had nearly enough time to advance and develop like other countries in the world. One third of the Filipino population lives below the poverty line. This lack of independence has had a huge effect on the Filipino economy. Their economy is based solely on their agriculture. The Philippines has a very tropical climate with a long rainy season, and an incredibly mountainous landscape. Important crops include rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, abaca, and tobacco. The Philippines also have an endless list of tropical and tasty fruits. Although the Philippine islands have been through a more than complicated time, the people inhabiting the land have stayed strong and taken advantage of their land’s newly gained independence . After gathering this general information, that was when I developed my thesis: How has the unstable history of the Philippines affected their overall fashion and textile industry? I chose this topic because not only does it give me a chance to expand my knowledge in textiles and fashion, but it also allows me to further educate myself in my own personal ethnic background. Methodology: When I first began my research process, it wasn’t very difficult to get started considering the abundance of resources FIDM provides us with. My first step to developing a stable basis of sources was to sit at the  computer in the FIDM library and gather as much material as possible using the help they give us such as EBSCO, the Berg Fashion Library, Culture Grams, and of course books from the shelves themselves. The first source I found that initially helped me develop my thesis was an article I found using the Berg Fashion Library entitled â€Å"‘Ukay-Ukay’ Chic: Tales of Second Hand Clothing Fashion and Trade in the Philippine Cordillera†. This was the source that helped me make the decision to center my paper around Filipino fashion. Not only was this source credible due to the process I used to find it, but it was also extremely beneficial. Once I knew exactly what I would be writing about, I knew that I needed to dig deeper into the history of the Philippines. I initially started by using Culture Grams, which helped me gather some information, but I needed more. That was when I came across the article â€Å"Nation Building and the Crafting of a Usable Past in the Philippines† using the EBSCOhost database. This source really came in handy because it gave me an incredibly detailed and dramatic breakdown of everything the Philippines went through, and how being tossed around by other countries for hundreds of years has had an effect on the land today. Next, I wanted to learn more about the people of the Philippine’s, and their lifestyle and values. I had no luck finding this using the library sources, so that was when I switched to google. I found a website called contriesquest.com. After browsing the information the site gave me, and relating a lot of it to information I had seen before, I decided that it was a credible source to use. The section I used was called â€Å"Population, Way of Life†. This brief article really helped me understand how a regular Filipino person lives. It covered everything from the food they eat the the sports they play. The next source I found was more specifically about the history of filipino fashion. I found the article using the Berg Fashion Library. The was when I came across the amazing article â€Å"Snapshot: Revival of Pià ±a Cloth and Dress: Southern Luzon and Central Philippines†. This was one of my favorite articles because I learned about an amazing way that the people of the Philippines used their natural resources to create a beautiful fashion trend. For my last source, I decided to use the most credible source of all,  a book. The book I chose is entitled the Encyclopedia of Clothing and Fashion. I flipped to the section entitled Asia, Southeastern Islands and the Pacific: History of Dress. I used this source to get a breakdown of the development of filipino fashion throughout the years. 1. Milgram, B Lynne, â€Å"‘Ukay-Ukay’ Chic: Tales of Second Hand Clothing Fashion and Trade in the Philippine Cordillera.† Summary: This article focuses on the new and upcoming bargain shopping trend in the Philippines called â€Å"Ukay-Ukay†, which when translated means secondhand clothing. The Philippine’s have been receiving exports of used goods and clothing from America, and Europe since the 1990’s. Milgram, the author of this article, talks about how the people of the Philippine’s have brilliantly taken these exported used goods and repurposed them to their own advantage. The article also discusses how this new shopping trend has benefitted the sales women of the Philippines, and has helped modernize their way of consumerism and trade. The article then expands on Ifugao, an area in the Grand Cordillera mountains, the area in which the people of the Philippines decided to set up their â€Å"Ukay-Ukay† system. The author tells us that this setting was chosen due to its economic activity. Considering that agriculture is the main component of the filipino economy, Ifugao is unable to produce many crops due to its climate and landscape. Instead, the people inhabiting this area focus on producing other sorts of goods such as crafts for the tourist market, operating dry goods stores, and now engaging in the sale of second hand clothing. The next section of this article focuses on the process in which the exported clothing is distributed from the hands of clothing brokers, regional suppliers, to the citizens of the Philippines. The last part of the article talks about the people who make a living off of the sales of second hand clothing, and how the market is slowly beginning to get more and more competitive. Critical Evaluation: This article is an incredible source of information for my essay. The author of the article convinced me that she was very educated in the topic by using personal examples, facts and statistics, pictures,  quotations, and citations throughout the article of other sources she collected material from as well. Another thing that really made this article easy to break down was that the author put a notes list at the bottom of the document. This contained a list of words and terms that were mentioned throughout the article that a person that wasn’t well aware with filipino slang could find the english translations. The sole purpose of this article was to break  down and educate the reader on an amazing and rapidly growing fashion trend in the Philippines and the world behind it. 2. Hazard, Elizabeth. â€Å"Nation Building and the Crafting of a Usable Past in the Philippines†. Summary: This article provides me with a detailed breakdown of the history timeline of the Philippines. This paper examines the uses of history in the Philippines over the past century as it was enlisted to serve varying social and political agendas. In the first part of this article, the author discusses the long awaited time when the Philippine’s finally gained their independence. Hazard elaborates on the celebratory ceremonies that took place, and the development of the Centennial Commission. The centennial commission is a group of elected filipino people with one mission-to revive the love of the country, and true appreciation for the filipino identity. The article then continues on to discuss the background of its current weak economic state. The author makes sure that we know that the Philippines took a very hard beating throughout the years. The author then goes on to breakdown the confusing history of the Philippines before they gained their independence. She covers the 300 years they were under the rule of Spain, the Japanese occupation in 1943, and when the Americans granted autonomy in 1946. The second purpose of this article was to focus on how the history of the Philippine’s is being displayed today. The author focuses on the textbooks that students in the Philippine’s are given, and states that the authors of these textbooks are excluding important details. This article is a good source of information that discusses the brutalities that the  Philippines went through, and their eventually gained independence. Critical Evaluation: I believe that this is a very reliable and educational source to use for informational purposes for this essay. Although I am focusing my essay on fashion, the history behind the Philippines is equally as important. Considering how intense their history is, and the state that their never ending battle left them in, it is safe to say that this has had a direct effect on their fashion industry. This was a very credible source. Not only did I find it using one of the search engines that the school provides us with, but it was actually a conference paper written for the University of Maine. The author wrote this essay to persuade the listeners and readers to have hope that the Philippine’s can be restored and modernized. The author provides us with lots of statistics and factual information. She also gives us direct quotes from people that she talked to personally, and for those reasons, I decided that this article would help improve my essay. 3. â€Å"Population, Way of Life†. Summary: This website was full of small paragraphs about every single aspect of the Philippines. I decided that I wanted to gather more information on the daily life of a Filipino person, so I chose this section to use for my paper. This section gives us a straightforward description of their society. The author starts off by mentioning Filipino’s emphasis on on family and building a strong community. Filipino’s are very big on traditions. They use the traditional concept of â€Å"utang na loob†, the concept in which voluntary acts of kindness towards others creates an obligation in which the receiver must reciprocate. The article goes on to discuss how the concept of â€Å"utang na loob† is what shapes almost all Filipino relationships. The article then continues to talk about important Filipino values such as respect for the elderly, loyalty, and trust. Paragraph two talks about the average Filipino living conditions. In tradition Philippine villages, houses are mainly constructed of bamboo or wood. Excluding rural areas, most houses are equipped with standard electricity and plumbing. In the more modern parts of  the Philippines, it is mentioned that there is a very obvious Western influence. The standard Philippine diet consists of fish, rice, veggies, fruits, and ground corn. They also have a drink called tuba, which is a fermented coconut wine. The next part of the article talks about how most people in the Philippines work as farmers and fishers. Middle class citizens in more urban cities usually work as teachers and small business owners. The last part of the article focuses on certain sports that Filipino people participate in such as arnis (similar to fencing) and (much like volleyball). Critical Evaluation: I was unsure about the credibility of this source at first, because I couldn’t find an author or any sort of publishing information to begin with. Then, after I clicked on the â€Å"Privacy† link in the bottom corner of the page, I learned that the website was published by Microsoft as a sort of search database for information on different parts of the world. Knowing that it was developed by such an elite corporation made it much more credible. This website provided me with well-defined information on the Philippine’s and made it very easy to understand. When I went to the homepage of the website, I learned that you could click on any region you want and it would give you a list of sections on that area that you could click on. For these reasons I felt like it was an appropriate source. I was also able to relate a lot of the information I found on this website to prior research I did with other sources. 4. Milgram, Lynn. â€Å" Snapshot: Revival of Pià ±a Cloth and Dress: Southern Luzon and Central Philippines† Summary: This article focuses on pià ±a, filipino cloth woven from the fibers of the leaves from a pineapple. It is believed that the pineapple, a very popular fruit found in the Philippines today, was brought over by Spanish settlers in the 16th century. Pià ±a cloth first started producing when the spanish realized that philippine artisans were already skilled at utilizing other local resources, such as the banana, and making into cloth. This was when pià ±a weaving began to spread. The main items of dress tailored from  pià ±a cloth include the baro (woman’s blouse), worn with a detachable paà ±uelo (shawl collar), the saya (skirt), the barong Tagalog (man’s shirt), and handkerchiefs. The next paragraph of this article discusses when pià ±a production reached its peak in the early 19th century when people started realizing that it had a similar appearance to luxury lace. People then began to realize that there were cheaper garments out there that looked similar to pià ±a, which was very expensive due to its complex weaving process. Pinà £ began to fade away and become a smaller business again. The next paragraph discusses the labor inducing process of extracting the pineapple fibers and weaving the pià ±a cloth. The next paragraph talks about the development of â€Å"pià ±a-seda†, the use of silk yarns in the weft instead of pià ±a in order to meet growing demand. Filipino’s also incorporated pià ±a cloth in religious garments. Critical Evaluation: I found this source using the Berg Fashion Library, so its credibility is easy to prove. Not only did the author use accurate historical information, but she also mentioned popular Philippine designers. This source educates the reader on such an interesting and beautiful  invention developed by the Philippines, and really shows you how resourceful they really are. This author also proved her credibility by citing her sources at the bottom of the page, and including pictures to give you a visual of what a pià ±a garment really looked like. I also noticed that the author Lynne B. Milgram is the author of numerous articles found using the Berg Fashion Library. The author makes this article fun, and educational at the same time by relating the art of pià ±a to the early ages of the Philippines. The article was published in the year 2010, but considering it is about a topic that was developed in the 16th century, I don’t believe that needs to be taken into much consideration. 5. Arthur, Linda. â€Å" Asia, Southeastern Islands and the Pacific: History of Dress† Summary: This article focuses on the evolution of fashion garments throughout the years. It starts by mentioning the earliest fashion staple, the bark cloth. The bark cloth was made from the bark of a mulberry tree,  and originated before Spanish settlement. As years continued, Philippine dress transformed due to multicultural influences from the portuguese, the dutch, the spanish and more. When the spanish settlers came, they were shocked by the philippine people’s lack of clothing, and helped them develop the modesty they have in their dress today. The article then continues to mention the names of certain garments worn by regular philippine people such as the baro’t saya, an ensemble of a loose, long-sleeved blouse over a wide skirt that fell to the floor. This article mainly focuses on the impact that westernization had on their clothing. The author mentions that the Spanish also taught filipina women embroidery, cutwork, and threadwork. The use of pià ±a cloth, hand loomed using the fibers of pineapple leaves and jusi cloth, machine made using the fibers of pineapple leaves, were also mentioned as the favorite choice of fabric throughout the 20th century. Critical Evaluation: I found this information in a book called The Encyclopedia of Clothing and Fashion. Considering all of my other sources were found using credible databases provided by the school, a book found on the library shelves has to be 100% credible, especially since it came from an encyclopedia. The encyclopedia covers almost everything in the fashion world from ancient egypt, to famous runway moments, to the technology behind design, to the worlds most  admirable designers today. Not only does the author of this section, Linda Arthur, provide us with the evolution of traditional dress in the Philippines, but she also mentions the other westernized areas such as the rest of asia, the southeastern islands, and the asian pacific islands. She covers as early as the beginning of the 16th century before the Spanish colonized the Philippines, all the way up to the 20th century and present day traditional dress. This source was a definite contributor to my research because the author provided me with fascinating facts and terms that have helped me further my understanding and knowledge of Filipino fashion. Although this encyclopedia was published in 2005, the time period the text covered was large enough to extract information from. Conclusion: Before I began breaking down the information I needed to gather to form my thesis, all I knew was that I wanted to relate this essay to my Filipina heritage in some way. Once I began my literature review research, I began to develop the desire to focus my paper more specifically on the Filipino fashion. When I had the main structure of what I wanted to write my essay on, I thought that I would just travel through the years and discuss the fashion evolution. As my research continued, and the FIDM databases provided me with more and more information, I realized that that the Philippines have been through so much throughout centuries, and have advanced and developed so much, that I had to focus on more than just the fashion itself. Before the Philippines gained their independence, they were under the rule of multiple different countries. From each and every one of those countries that the people had to abide to, the Philippines adopted small aspects of their cultures, and ways of life. How has the unstable history of the Philippines affected their overall fashion and textile industry? After writing this Literature review, and expanding my knowledge on the aspects behind this topic , I feel as if I am prepared to answer that question. Works Cited Arthur, Linda B. â€Å"Asia, Southeastern Islands and the Pacific: History of Dress.† Encyclopedia of Clothing and Fashion. Ed. Valerie Steele. Vol. 1. Detroit: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2005. 93-97. Print Hazard, Elizabeth. â€Å"Nation Building And The Crafting Of A Usable Past In The Philippines.† International Studies Association. EBSCO, 2004. Web. 3 Aug. 2014. Milgram, B Lynne â€Å"Snapshot: Revival of Pià ±a Cloth and Dress: Southern Luzon and Central Philippines.† The Berg Fashion Library. The Berg Fashion Library, Sept 2010. Web. 3 Aug. 2014. Milgram, B Lynne, â€Å"‘Ukay-Ukay’ Chic: Tales of Second Hand Clothing Fashion and Trade in the Philippine Cordillera.† The Berg Fashion Library. The Berg Fashion Library, 2004. Web. 4 Aug. 2014. â€Å"Population, Way of Life.† Countries Quest. Microsoft Corporation, 2004. Web. 4 Aug. 2014

Oijiojoi

Rise of one person at the expense of another, contrasting worlds, disguises, and redemption reveal the four most common Dramatic Patterns found throughout The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. To start with, rise of one person at the expense of another Is a pattern that ultimately describes an Individual whose actions take effect upon themselves. In this case, an example of this pattern would be how the Nurse and Lady Caplet try and convince Juliet to marry Count Paris.Lady Caplet, who barely speaks to Juliet since he was born, surprisingly beckons her to accept Paris' hand in marriage. When the Nurse hears Lady Caplet's request, she also tries to persuade Juliet to marry Paris. This example exposes to the audience how both of the characters are personally setting up the marriage for Juliet only to satisfy themselves. Count Paris is blood related to the Prince, and knowing If they got Juliet to marry him Into the family, his wealth will be shared upon with them. They both consider how muc h advantages they would get over Gullet's wellbeing and happiness.Take the Nurse for instance, in the play, the audience may recognize that she over exaggerates how lovely the idea of marrying Paris when she apprehends the idea of the service she was going to get within Paris. Another example of this pattern Is when the Friar agrees to marry Romeo and Juliet. Like the first example, this reveals the greediness within Friar Lawrence. Within the flirts few scenes before agreeing to the marriage, he disagrees greatly of Romeos love for Juliet and mentions how he tends to rush relationships to an expense. Pam 2After pondering over the idea, he realizes that their forbidden love can patch the Caplet and Montague houses back together in peace. He quickly changes his mind and decides to wed them both, assuming he will get all the credit for mending the feuding households together. Additionally, contrasting worlds is another dramatic pattern that discloses this play and contrasts the differ ences between the servants and their masters. A scene in the play that specifically describes this pattern is when the servants were having a personal party within the Caplet party.When the audience thinks about servants, they think about the responsible tasks that they have to savor for their masters. The audience least expects the servants to have a laughing matter at their own leaders' party. In this case, the Caplet servants are not respecting their roles, but Instead, act as equal within the household to try and gain more privileges. In addition, another instance of this dramatic pattern is when Gullet's father calls the Nurse by her first name, Angelica. While in the midst of preparation for the wedding, Lord Capsules is inning around, overexcited, and giving orders.He gives a task for the Nurse to complete and ends up mentioning her by her first name. The Nurse, astonishingly, the reader to infer that Lord Caplet and the Nurse had an affair. If the audience truly thinks about it, it is remarkable that he calls her by her first name. Last time he spoke to her, he was calling her hurtful names when she went against Juliet and Paris' marriage. Furthermore, disguises is an additional dramatic pattern that supports the building block of the plot of The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet.The first example of this pattern is when Lord Caplet warms up to Paris about marrying Juliet. When Paris asks Lord Caplet for Gullet's hand in marriage, he tells him that Juliet is too young of an age to get married. This reveals that he is Pam 3 lying and hypercritical because he vowed to his wife when she was Just as young as Juliet was. The reader may notice that Lord Caplet is playing hard to get, and instead of easily handing Juliet to Paris, he suggests that Paris should get to know Juliet at the masquerade party before marrying her.In addition, another illustration of disguise is when the Friar pretends that Juliet is dead. When Juliet comes running into Friar Lawrence cell, she demands him to find a way to keep her from marrying Count Paris or she will kill herself right then and there. He panics and tells Juliet that he consumed a potion that will make it appear as if she is dead, but only for a certain amount of time. The Friar's plan was to have Juliet beg her father for forgiveness and agree to the marriage with Paris. She is then going to ingest the potion and appear dead in the morning.The Capsules will then place Juliet in the Caplet tomb, and when she wakes up, Romeo will be there to reassure her. She will then return to Mantra with Romeo, and be unrestricted to live with him away from their parents' hatred. What the Capsules do not know is that Friar Lawrence lied about her being dead, and reassured them to quickly start the burial for Juliet so they will not suspect a thing. Having to lie about Gullet's death prevents his idea from backfiring. Moreover, the dramatic pattern that ties the conclusion of the play is redemption.Redemption s when the characters of the storyline begs for the forgiveness of others. An example that reflects this pattern is when the Friar confesses and asks for mercy when he is caught. In the last act of the play, the Friar's plan had miscarried and Romeo and Juliet ended up committing suicide individually. After being caught by the watchmen, he quickly confesses how he secretly married Romeo and Juliet thinking that he could bring the Capsules and Montague together. He mentions how destroyed Juliet was for having to marry Paris and he offered her a Pam 4 leaping potion to trick everyone that she was dead.The Friar also mentions that he sent a letter to Romeo which failed to deliver about the false death of Juliet, thus leading to Romeo killing himself over disbelief. After seeing Juliet awaken from her deep sleep, the Friar mentions how he tried to convince her to come with him where he will cast her away to be a nun. When Juliet refuses to go with him, he runs away as the group of watchmen cl oses in. While asking for forgiveness, the reader can tell that the Friar does not pity up to the Prince.He gives himself up to Prince Callus and asks for consequences and sacrifice knowing the tragedy he has done to both of the houses was his fault. Another instance where the characters seek redemption is when Lord Caplet makes up with Lord Montague. After they both lost their only child, they both realized that no more lives should be taken from the aging dispute. Now knowing that his daughter is married to a Montague, he calls Romeos father, his make a monument of Romeo while Lord Montague makes a monument of Juliet in honor of their characters.

An Essay Analysis Of Learning To Read Essays - Education

An Essay Analysis Of Learning To Read Essays - Education An Essay Analysis Of Learning To Read Summary and Purpose Learning to Read depicts how Malcolm X teaches himself to become more than a street hustler. His mere dislike of his lack of writing ability, and his envy of a fellow inmates(Bimbi) book collection motivates him to become a better writer. Bimbi was his initial motivation. As time passes his love for putting his thoughts and newly found words makes him a powerful talker. Authors Style and Techniques The Authors style and technique ranges from his use of flashbacks when Malcolm talks of the past when he could talk and people listened. He contrasted this to his to his lack of reading ability. Malcolms tone his pretty clear and straight to the point. By showing his dislikes without animosity he displays signs of a truly educated person. Readers Response I believe that Learning to Read is a metaphor for life. It tells how anyone can be at the bottom of anything, but you can get to rise with a little work and dedication. Especially when you come from jail to become as great as Malcolm X, you must be a learned person to get up and make something out of yourself.

Home Schooling is an Ideal Way to Obtain Quality Education

Home Schooling is an Ideal Way to Obtain Quality Education Home Schooling Is the Best Bet for a Quality Education School System Is Too Standardized Anyone who takes an objective look the state of American public education today will agree it’s hindering the future of our country. School systems are faltering, focusing more on standardized testing than educating our youth. Teachers, for the sake of keeping their jobs, â€Å"teach to the test† – and students graduate with a half-baked understanding of the world, sub-par skills, and an incomplete education. Aside from academics, the public school is no place to learn. It has become more like a prison – where violence, crime, and attention-seeking behaviors are too prevalent. But this is the worst possible recipe for a classroom. There is always the option of homeschooling one’s children, which is an ideal way for our youth to obtain a quality education. To begin with, homeschooling is an ideal way to obtain a quality education, especially if the teacher has an extensive education. Any parent or home-schooling teacher should have at least a Master’s degree in Education, along with several years of teaching experience; however, a Ph.D. is best – a true expert with in-depth research, a thorough understanding of, and an insightful perspective on, homeschooling. This way, they will objectively teach the home-schooled students, in turn providing them a strong academic and intellectual foundation. This is much better than the everyday teacher who most of the time just has a Bachelor’s degree; rarely in the public education setting would any student, grades Kindergarten through the 12th grade, get educated by such an expert in the field. Also, homeschooling is an ideal way to obtain a quality education if the parent brings in expert consultants and tutors to teach the children a wide array of topics. A Quality Education Is about Being a Well-Rounded Student There is more to the picture than just time in the classroom – even in the home classroom. In order for a home-schooled student to obtain a quality education, they must also be encouraged, maybe even forced, to attend lectures, seminars, and museums from quite a young age, maybe even 10 or 11 years old. A quality education is about being a well-rounded student who is exposed to different areas of thought from various individuals. These extra-curricular activities are perfect for this. You may like these articles: Relieving Students School-Related Stress Educational Field Trip Safety Issues Combining Academic Knowledge and Practicality The Bright Sides of Academic Intellectuals We Call Nerds Learning from Budget Books Too often in public education, students are held to a rigid course structure, where they learn information on a superficial level. This is detrimental to the student’s education because they are not learning; rather they are remembering information for the â€Å"test.† Homeschooling offers a student a quality education if they get to broaden their intellectual horizons by learning from experts who offer their findings to people. This way, they learn more than just what is on the test – they learn information that will remain with them the rest of their lives. Home-Schooled Children Should not Be Cut off from the Rest of the World Homeschooling is an ideal way to obtain a quality education if the student is not cut off from the rest of the world, including other children their age. A home-schooled student may already be seen, and conditioned to be, a sort of outcast; usually, these kinds of students are less social in the company of other children their age, so they must learn to assimilate in the company of others. Any student can stay at home and be a brainiac, a straight-A student who knows everything. But then they get into the real world and choke, unable to be around others with contrasting experiences, beliefs, and education. To fix this, home-schooled students should be encouraged to be social – even with non-home-schooled students. This will broaden their idea of the world, and from this, they will be well-rounded, well-educated individuals. In conclusion, there are of course many naysayers who feel a home-schooled education is the worst possible thing for a children: they say it isolates them; they get an incomplete, subjective, limited, sub-par education – one that will ultimately, in their lives and professional careers, hinder them from success, happiness, and fulfillment. But this argument is quite weak, and it generalizes all home-schooled educational endeavors. For whatever the reason for homeschooling one’s children, it can work to the children’s advantage in obtaining a high-quality education if it is done right and thoroughly and responsibly. A home-schooled education like this, with the aforementioned characteristics, would certainly change all the stigmas attached to homeschooling. This is, of course, is the perfect scenario, and unfortunately may not be the case with most home-schooled students.